Nepal’s outstanding public debt climbed to Rs 2,729.41 billion by mid-November 2025, increasing by Rs 55.37 billion during the first four months of fiscal year 2025/26, according to the Public Debt Management Office. External borrowing accounted for Rs 47.63 billion of the rise, while domestic debt increased by Rs 7.74 billion, pushing external debt to 53.25 percent of the total. The debt-to-GDP ratio stands at 42.65 percent. During the review period, the government raised 23.29 percent of its annual borrowing target and spent Rs 150.88 billion on servicing existing debt.
